隨著中藥注射劑在臨床上應(yīng)用的日益廣泛，其不良反應(yīng)成為中藥安全評(píng)價(jià)研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)之一，日漸引起重視。中藥注射劑常導(dǎo)致Ⅰ型過(guò)敏反應(yīng)及類過(guò)敏反應(yīng)，近年來(lái)針對(duì)這2種過(guò)敏反應(yīng)已經(jīng)開發(fā)出多種細(xì)胞、類過(guò)敏反應(yīng)動(dòng)物模型、Ⅰ型過(guò)敏反應(yīng)動(dòng)物模型以及酶聯(lián)免疫吸附（ELISA）法、高通量篩選分離方法、虛擬技術(shù)篩選等。通過(guò)綜述近年來(lái)中藥注射劑致敏實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ图皺z測(cè)方法原理、適用性及局限性，以期為建立新型過(guò)敏原篩選方法、尋找中藥注射劑過(guò)敏原和研究潛在致敏機(jī)制提供更多參考。

With the increasing application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection in clinic, the adverse reactions have become one of the hot spots and difficulties in the study of TCM safety evaluation, and has increasingly attracted people's attention. TCM injections often cause type I allergic reaction and anaphylactoid reactions. In recent years, a variety of cells, animal models of anaphylactoid reaction, animal models of type Ⅰ anaphylactoid reaction, and ELISA, a variety of high-throughput screening and isolation methods, and virtual technology screening have been developed for these two kinds of allergic reactions.In this paper, the principles, applicability and limitations of experimental models and detection methods for sensitization of traditional Chinese medicine injections in recent years are reviewed, in order to provide more references for establishing new screening methods for allergens, finding allergens for TCM injections, and studying potential sensitization mechanisms.

R285.5；R943

山西省科技合作交流專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目（202104041101032）；中國(guó)輻射防護(hù)研究院自主科研項(xiàng)目（YP21010202）