流行性感冒是兒童常見急性呼吸道疾病，尤其2歲以下的嬰幼兒，是并發(fā)癥和住院風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最高的人群。瑪巴洛沙韋是首個Cap-依賴型核酸內(nèi)切酶的抑制劑，通過抑制mRNA合成的啟動來阻斷流感病毒的復(fù)制，日本已批準(zhǔn)其應(yīng)用于治療年齡≥12歲的流感患者。綜述瑪巴洛沙韋抑制兒童流感病毒的藥理作用（抗流感病毒聚合酶酸性蛋白、廣譜抗病毒）及臨床研究（縮短流感發(fā)熱時間、緩解流感癥狀、縮短幼兒甲型流感癥狀緩解時間）以期為該藥的合理應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。

Influenza is a common acute respiratory illness in children, especially infants and young children under two years of age, who are at the highest risk of complications and hospitalization. Baloxavir marboxil (BXM), the first cap-dependent inhibitor of nucleic acid endonuclease that blocks influenza virus replication by inhibiting the initiation of mRNA synthesis, has been approved for influenza in Japan and is mainly used for the treatment of patients ≥12 years of age with acute uncomplicated influenza. The pharmacological effects (anti-influenza virus polymerase acidic protein, broad-spectrum antiviral) and clinical studies (shortening the duration of influenza fever, relieving influenza symptoms, and shortening the duration of symptomatic relief of influenza A in young children) of BXM in inhibiting influenza viruses in children are summarized in an attempt to provide a basis for the rational application of this drug.

天津市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（20JCZXJC00170，21JCYBJC00430）；天津市醫(yī)學(xué)重點(diǎn)學(xué)科（專科）建設(shè)項(xiàng)目資助（TJYXZDXK-040A）