茅莓Rubus parvifolius為薔薇科懸鉤子屬落葉小灌木，其提取物及有效部位具有抗腫瘤、保護(hù)神經(jīng)、保護(hù)肝損傷等藥理作用?？鼓[瘤是其研究熱點，在體內(nèi)外實驗中，茅莓提取物對人惡性黑色素瘤、白血病、肝癌均表現(xiàn)出明顯的抗腫瘤作用，可顯著抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞生長、侵襲和遷移，以及誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡，其抗腫瘤的主要有效部位為茅莓總皂苷。茅莓提取物對腦缺血-再灌注損傷也有神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用，作用機制為增加Bcl-2表達(dá)和降低Bax表達(dá)，主要有效部位為茅莓總皂苷。茅莓提取物的抗氧化能力與清除羥自由基、超氧負(fù)離子、有機自由基及抑制丙二醛等有關(guān)，主要有效部位為茅莓總黃酮。茅莓提取物對肝臟損傷也有保護(hù)作用，與清除自由基活性相關(guān)，主要有效部位為酚類化合物。茅莓提取物及有效部位的其他藥理作用還有抗炎、抗骨吸收、抗菌、抗疲勞等。綜述了茅莓提取物及有效部位的藥理作用及研究現(xiàn)狀，以期為茅莓的進(jìn)一步研究及新藥開發(fā)提供參考。

Rubus parvifolius is a small deciduous shrub of the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, and studies have shown that its extracts and effective parts have pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, neuroprotective, antioxidant and hepatoprotective. Antitumor is its research focus, in vitro and in vivo experiments, extracts of R. parvifolius. have shown significant anti-tumor effects on human malignant melanoma, leukemia and liver cancer, significantly inhibiting the growth, invasion and migration of tumor cells and inducing apoptosis, the main anti-tumor effective part is total saponins of R. parvifolius. Extracts of Rubus parvifolius also have neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, the mechanism of action is to increase Bcl-2 expression and decrease Bax expression, the main effective part is total saponins of R. parvifolius. The antioxidant capacity of R. parvifolius extracts is related to the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide negative ions, organic free radicals and the inhibition of malondialdehyde, etc. And the main effective part is the total flavonoids of R. parvifolius. Extracts of R. parvifolius also have a protective effect against liver damage, associated with free radical scavenging activity, with phenolic compounds as the main effective part. Other pharmacological effects of the extracts and effective parts of R. parvifolius include anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, antibacterial, anti-fatigue, etc. This article reviewed the pharmacological effects and research status of the extracts and active components of R. parvifolius, to provide a reference for further research and development of new drugs in R. parvifolius.

R285.5