缺血性腦卒中（CIS）因其高致殘率、高病死率和高復(fù)發(fā)率，嚴(yán)重影響患者生活質(zhì)量。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中藥單體可通過多種信號(hào)通路防治 CIS，如姜黃素、青蒿琥酯、黃芩苷、丹酚酸 D、柴胡皂苷 A、小檗堿、黃藤素、異鉤藤堿、雷公藤甲素、黃芪甲苷、紅景天苷、人參皂苷 Rg₁、蒲公英甾醇、芍藥苷等中藥單體可以通過調(diào)控核因子 κB（NF-κB）、高遷移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）、單磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）、哺乳動(dòng)物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）、磷脂酰肌醇 3-激酶/蛋白激酶 B（PI3K/Akt）、核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子紅系 2 相關(guān)因子 2（Nrf2）等信號(hào)通路防治 CIS。對(duì)中藥單體對(duì)以上 6 條信號(hào)通路影響的相關(guān)機(jī)制進(jìn)行綜述，以期為 CIS 防治的深入研究提供新思路與新方向，同時(shí)為臨床上運(yùn)用中藥防治 CIS 提供理論依據(jù)與參考。

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) seriously affects the quality of life of patients due to its high disability rate, high mortality rate and high recurrence rate. Studies have found that traditional Chinese medicine monomer components can prevent and treat CIS through a variety of signaling pathways, such as curcumin, artesunate, baicalin, salvianolic acid D, saikosaponin A, berberine, palmatine, isorhynchophylline, triptolide, astragaloside IV, salidroside, ginsenoside Rg₁, dandelionol, peony glycoside and other traditional Chinese medicine monomers can regulate signaling pathway such as nuclear factor κB (NF- κB), high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and nuclear transcription factor red lineage 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The mechanisms related to the effects of monomers from traditional Chinese medicine on the above six signaling pathways were reviewed, in order to provide new ideas and directions for the in-depth study of the prevention and treatment of CIS, and to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention and treatment of CIS.

河南省中醫(yī)藥科學(xué)研究專項(xiàng)課題（2022ZY1065）；河南省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)與推廣專項(xiàng)（科技攻關(guān)）（202102311139）；河南省中醫(yī)藥科學(xué)研究專項(xiàng)課題（2021ZY2208）