近來(lái)的研究表明免疫細(xì)胞在帕金森?。≒D）的發(fā)病機(jī)制中起著重要作用。在PD等神經(jīng)退行性疾病中，中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)受到損傷時(shí)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致血腦屏障通透性增加，使得各類外周適應(yīng)性和固有免疫細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)中樞，進(jìn)入腦內(nèi)的免疫細(xì)胞可能促進(jìn)神經(jīng)炎癥反應(yīng)和神經(jīng)元損傷，但也可表現(xiàn)出神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用?？偨Y(jié)中樞浸潤(rùn)的免疫細(xì)胞，如中性粒細(xì)胞、單核巨噬細(xì)胞、樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞、自然殺傷細(xì)胞（NK）、肥大細(xì)胞、T淋巴細(xì)胞（CD4⁺T細(xì)胞、CD8⁺T細(xì)胞）、B淋巴細(xì)胞在PD發(fā)生發(fā)展中的作用，分析其通過(guò)復(fù)雜的免疫調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制影響神經(jīng)炎癥反應(yīng)和神經(jīng)元的存活與死亡，期望為新的治療策略和藥物開(kāi)發(fā)提供參考和方向。

Recent studies have demonstrated that immune cells play significant roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In neurodegenerative disorders such as PD, damage to the central nervous system leads to increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier, enabling various peripheral adaptive and innate immune cells to infiltrate the central nervous system. These infiltrating immune cells may promote neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage, while also potentially exhibiting neuroprotective effects. This review summarizes the roles of centrally infiltrating immune cells - including neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, mast cells, T lymphocytes (CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells), and B lymphocytes - in the progression of PD. It analyzes how these cells influence neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal survival through complex immunomodulatory mechanisms, aiming to provide references and directions for developing novel therapeutic strategies and pharmacological interventions.

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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（82274135）;天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新基金項(xiàng)目（202310063036）