生長激素釋放激素（GHRH）是下丘腦分泌的一種神經(jīng)肽類激素，通過作用于垂體的生長激素釋放激素受體（GHRHR）調節(jié)生長激素的分泌和合成，進而調節(jié)細胞生長。研究表明，GHRHR除在垂體表達外，也表達在諸多垂體外組織中，例如心肌組織。近年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與內源性GHRH相比，人工合成的GHRH類似物（GHRH-A）具有受體親和力強，半衰期長和不良反應少等優(yōu)點。研究表明GHRH-A對多種實驗性心血管疾病（CVDs），如心力衰竭、心肌缺血/再灌注損傷和血管鈣化等具有保護效應，提示該類藥物具有治療CVDs的潛在價值。綜述GHRH/GHRHR信號通路傳導機制，內源性GHRH及GHRH-A對心肌細胞的保護效應以及在治療CVDs中的作用及機制。

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is a neuropeptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus, which regulates the secretion and synthesis of growth hormone by stimulating GHRH receptor (GHRHR) in the pituitary gland, promoting cell growth. Except in the pituitary gland, GHRHR is also expressed in many extrapituitary tissues, including myocardial tissue. Compared with endogenous GHRH, synthesized GHRH analogues (GHRH-A) exhibit stronger receptor affinity, longer half-life, and fewer side effects. It has been shown that GHRH-A can exert beneficial effects on various experimental cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as heart failure, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and vascular calcification, suggesting that GHRH-As have potential for treating CADs. This article reviews the GHRH/GHRHR signaling pathway, the protective effects of endogenous GHRH and synthetic GHRH-As on myocardial cells, and their roles and underlying potential mechanisms in the treatment of CVDs.

R973

國家自然科學基金面上項目（82270434， 81970357）；遼寧省自然科學基金面上項目（2022-MS-246）