目的 分析國(guó)家專利中含百合改善睡眠復(fù)方的用藥規(guī)律，并探討核心藥對(duì)的作用機(jī)制。方法 通過(guò)國(guó)家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)政務(wù)服務(wù)平臺(tái)檢索含百合改善睡眠復(fù)方的數(shù)據(jù)資料，采用Excel、IBM SPSS modeler18.0和SPSS statistics 26.0軟件對(duì)配伍中藥性味歸經(jīng)、功效、關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則及聚類分析等進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)挖掘，并通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)和分子對(duì)接技術(shù)分析核心藥對(duì)改善睡眠的潛在機(jī)制。結(jié)果 共納入專利366項(xiàng)，包含366首處方，出現(xiàn)頻次≥5的中藥112味。其中使用頻次較高的中藥依次為百合、酸棗仁、茯苓等，性味以平、溫、甘、苦居多，主要?dú)w心、肺、脾經(jīng)，功效以補(bǔ)虛、清熱、安神為主。關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則分析得到18條藥對(duì)，其中百合-酸棗仁藥對(duì)的關(guān)聯(lián)性最強(qiáng)。聚類分析得到5個(gè)聚類方。網(wǎng)絡(luò)藥理學(xué)分析得到核心藥對(duì)百合-酸棗仁改善睡眠的主要活性成分有16種，交集靶點(diǎn)108個(gè)，涉及信號(hào)通路63條。分子對(duì)接結(jié)果表明26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3β,26-二羥基-膽甾烷-16,22-二氧基-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷與MAOB、β-谷甾醇與HTP2A、豆甾醇與DRD2、豆甾醇與HTR²C、酸棗仁皂苷A與CYP3A4、植物固醇與PTGS2靶點(diǎn)之間具有強(qiáng)烈的結(jié)合活性。結(jié)論 含百合改善睡眠復(fù)方多以補(bǔ)虛、安神、收澀藥為主，藥性以平、溫為主，味甘、苦，歸心、肺、脾經(jīng)。含百合改善睡眠復(fù)方常與酸棗仁、茯苓、枸杞子配伍。其核心藥對(duì)百合-酸棗仁通過(guò)多成分-多靶點(diǎn)-多通路發(fā)揮改善睡眠的作用。

Objective To analyze the medication rules of Compound Formula contained Lilii Bulbus in improving sleep in national patents, and to explore the mechanism of action of core drug pairs. Methods The data of Lilii Bulbus improving sleep were retrieved through the national intellectual property government service platform. Excel, IBM SPSS modeler18.0 and SPSS statistics 26.0 software were used to conduct data mining on the properties, tastes, meridian tropism, efficacy, association rules and cluster analysis of compatible traditional Chinese medicine. The potential mechanism of core drug pairs to improve sleep was analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Results A total of 366 patents were included, including 366 prescriptions and 112 traditional Chinese medicines with a frequency of ≥ 5. Among them, the most frequently used Chinese medicines are Lilii Bulbus, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Poria, etc. The nature and taste are mostly flat, warm, sweet, and bitter. They mainly belong to the heart, lung, and spleen meridians. The efficacy is mainly tonic, heat-clearing, and tranquilizing. Eighteen drug pairs were obtained by association rule analysis, among which the correlation between Lilii Bulbus-Ziziphi Spinosae Semen drug pair was the strongest. Five clusters were obtained by cluster analysis. Network pharmacology analysis showed that there were 16 main active components of the core drug pair Lilii Bulbus-Zizphi Spinosae Semen to improve sleep, 108 intersection targets, and 63 signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-dihydroxy-choleslen-16,22-dioxo-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside had a high binding affinity to MAOB, β-sitosterol to HTP2A, leguminol to DRD2, HTR2C, jujube saponin A to CYP3A4, and phytosterols to the PTGS2 targets with strong binding activity. Conclusion Containing Lilii Bulbus to improve sleep compound formula is mostly to supplement the deficiency, tranquilize the spirit, astringent drugs, medicinal properties to flat, warm, taste sweet, bitter, attributed to the heart, lungs, spleen meridian. Lilii Bulbus is often paired with sour Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Poria and Lycium barbarum. The core medicines of Lilii Bulbus of the valley and jujube seed can improve sleep through multicomponents, multi-targets and multi-pathways.

R285.5

國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系資助項(xiàng)目（CARS-21）；甘肅省科技重大專項(xiàng)（23ZDFA013-1）；中藥保障與創(chuàng)新能力提升項(xiàng)目（甘中醫(yī)藥綜函〔2024〕14號(hào)）；甘肅省研究生“創(chuàng)新之星”項(xiàng)目（2025CXZX-935）