抑郁癥是一種常見的慢性嚴(yán)重性精神疾病，以連續(xù)且長期的情緒低落、睡眠障礙、快感缺失、精神萎靡為主要臨床表現(xiàn)，嚴(yán)重影響人們的日常工作與生活。該病發(fā)病機(jī)制尚不明確，目前藥物治療仍是抑郁癥的主要治療方法，其中合成類第二代抗抑郁藥物是臨床治療抑郁癥的首選，但存在不良反應(yīng)大、且靶點(diǎn)單一、起效時(shí)間長、易產(chǎn)生耐藥性等缺點(diǎn)。近年來，隨著社會(huì)與醫(yī)學(xué)界對(duì)抑郁癥防治工作的重視，采用中醫(yī)藥治療抑郁癥的探索與研究逐漸增多。多項(xiàng)研究表明，中醫(yī)藥可通過調(diào)節(jié)單胺神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)濃度、下丘腦-垂體-腎上腺（HPA）軸功能亢進(jìn)、腦源性神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子（BDNF）、炎癥細(xì)胞因子、腦-腸軸等分子機(jī)制發(fā)揮抗抑郁作用。從經(jīng)典復(fù)方、中藥藥對(duì)、單味中藥3個(gè)方面，歸納總結(jié)近年來中醫(yī)藥治療抑郁癥的研究進(jìn)展，以期為深入研究中醫(yī)藥防治抑郁癥的作用機(jī)制及發(fā)現(xiàn)高效且安全的中藥提供參考。

Depression is a common chronic severe mental illness. The main clinical manifestations are continuous and long-term depression, sleep disorders, anhedonia, and mental malaise, which seriously affect people's daily work and life. The pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. At present, drug therapy is still the main treatment method for depression. Among them, synthetic second-generation antidepressants are the first choice for clinical treatment of depression, but there are toxic and side effects, single target, long onset time, easy to produce drug resistance and other shortcomings. In recent years, with the emphasis on the prevention and treatment of depression in the social and medical circles, the exploration and research on the treatment of depression with traditional Chinese medicine has gradually increased. A number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine can exert antidepressant effects by regulating the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters, the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), inflammatory cytokines, brain-gut axis and other molecular mechanisms. This article summarizes the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of depression in recent years from three aspects: Classical compound prescription, Chinese medicine pair and single Chinese medicine, in order to further study traditional Chinese medicine.

R285.5

遼寧省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（2022-NLTS-13-05）；廣東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（2021A1515011485）；沈陽市中青年科技創(chuàng)新人才培育專項(xiàng)（RC230077）