目的 對(duì)比吉非替尼、厄洛替尼靶向抗腫瘤藥物治療晚期非小細(xì)胞肺癌（NSCLC）的療效與毒副反應(yīng)情況，提出醫(yī)院質(zhì)控監(jiān)控措施。方法 采用隨機(jī)、對(duì)照與抽樣方法，選擇2013年8月—2016年3月在漢中市中心醫(yī)院診治的晚期NSCLC患者56例作為研究對(duì)象，根據(jù)患者及家屬意愿分為觀察組與對(duì)照組各28例，兩組都給予PC方案（紫杉醇+卡鉑）進(jìn)行化療，對(duì)照組給予吉非替尼進(jìn)行輔助治療，觀察組給予厄洛替尼進(jìn)行輔助治療，兩組都治療觀察4周。結(jié)果 觀察組與對(duì)照組的總有效率分別為75.0%和71.4%，都超過(guò)了70%，對(duì)比無(wú)顯著差異。觀察組治療期間的白細(xì)胞減少、血小板降低、惡心嘔吐、腹瀉、肝腎損害等毒副反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況與對(duì)照組對(duì)比無(wú)顯著差異，多數(shù)為Ⅰ-Ⅱ級(jí)，均可耐受。隨訪(fǎng)至今，觀察組和對(duì)照組的總生存時(shí)間與無(wú)瘤生存時(shí)間都超過(guò)了15個(gè)月，對(duì)比無(wú)顯著差異。結(jié)論 吉非替尼、厄洛替尼靶向抗腫瘤藥物治療晚期NSCLC都有很好的療效，能延長(zhǎng)患者的生存時(shí)間，但是存在一定的毒副反應(yīng)，要積極加強(qiáng)醫(yī)院質(zhì)控監(jiān)控。

Objective To compare the effects and adverse reaction of gefitinib and erlotinib target anticancer drugs in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), put forward the hospital quality monitoring ways. Methods Used a randomized, controlled and sampling method, From August 2013 to March 2016, 56 cases of patients with advanced NSCLC in our hospital were selected as the research object, all the cases were divided into experimental group and control group of 28 cases in each group accorded to the wishes of patients and their families. Two groups were treated with PC chemotherapy, the control group was received gefitinib adjuvant therapy, the observation group was received erlotinib adjuvant therapy, two groups were treated for 4 weeks. Results The total effective rates in the experimental group and the control group were 75% and 71.4% respectively, all over 70%, there was no significant difference compared between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions such as white blood cell reduction, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver and kidney damage in the experimental group compared with the control group, and there were most of them were grade I - Ⅱ, which could be tolerated. Up to now, Test showed that the total survival time and disease-free survival time in the experimental group were more than 15 months, and there was no significant difference compared between the two groups.Conclusions Gefitinib and erlotinib target antitumor drugs in the treatment of advanced NSCLC have good curative effect, they can prolong the survival time of the patients, but there are certain adverse reactions that should actively strengthen hospital quality monitoring.