獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征（AIDS）是威脅人類健康的最危險疾病之一，是由人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染引起。從HIV-1病毒發(fā)現(xiàn)后的30余年，已有大量的抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物投入研發(fā)，抑制病毒復(fù)制增殖周期的關(guān)鍵階段。抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物延長了患者生命，同時也產(chǎn)生了病毒的耐藥變異，因此需要開發(fā)針對耐藥的新藥物。簡述美國已上市的抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物信息，重點關(guān)注抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒藥物的研發(fā)進(jìn)展以及非臨床研究中的相關(guān)問題。

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of one of the most dangeroushuman diseases - the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Over the past 30 years since thediscovery of HIV-1, a number of antiviral drugs have been developed to suppress various stages of the HIV-1 lifecycle. This approach has enabled the suppression of virus replication in the body, which significantly prolongs the life of HIV patients. The main downside of the method is the development of viral resistance to many anti-HIV drugs, which requires the creation of new drugs against drug-resistant viral forms effectively. This review summarizes current information on antiviral drugs in the US and focuses on the development and the nonclinical study concerns for antiviral drugs.