目的 通過(guò)對(duì)新疆貝母屬植物進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性分析，以期獲得新疆貝母屬不同種之間的遺傳多態(tài)性。方法 應(yīng)用瓊脂糖凝膠電泳法結(jié)合ISSR分子標(biāo)記，對(duì)所選材料進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性與親緣關(guān)系的綜合分析。結(jié)果 2%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳擴(kuò)增總條帶數(shù)為185條，其中多態(tài)性條帶為181條，多態(tài)性條帶比率（PPB）為97.84%?；赨PGMA軟件對(duì)10種貝母的遺傳差異性分析表明，12個(gè)ISSR引物可以將新疆貝母不同種之間遺傳差異明顯區(qū)分開來(lái)，其遺傳相似系數(shù)范圍在0.37～0.80，以0.50為最低遺傳相似系數(shù)，可將10種貝母分成4個(gè)大類。結(jié)論 揭示了10種貝母種質(zhì)資源間的遺傳多樣性與親緣關(guān)系，為新疆野生貝母屬植物資源的收集和種間分類等提供理論依據(jù)。

Objective In order to gain genetic polymorphism among different species, the genetic diversity of the plants in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang was analyzed. Methods Agarose gel electrophoresis and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis were used to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the samples in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang. Results Total 185 bands were amplified and detected by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, including 181 polymorphic bands with the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) at 97.84%. Twelve ISSR primers could significantly separate different species of plants in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang with genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.37 to 0.80 revealed by UPGMA analysis. Ten species in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang were clustered into four groups using 0.50 as the lowest GS. Conclusion The results indicate that ISSR technique is useful in revealing the genetic diversity and genetic relationship among 10 species in Fritillaria L., which could provide a scientific basis for the resource collection and identification of the species in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang.

新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)自然科學(xué)青年基金項(xiàng)目（2010211B34）