中醫(yī)藥的特色與優(yōu)勢促進了其治療與胰島素抵抗相關的慢性代謝性疾病如肥胖、糖尿病等的發(fā)展，但其尚不明確的作用機制極大限制了中藥現(xiàn)代化、國際化和產業(yè)化。隨著2代/3代基因測序技術的飛速發(fā)展，腸道菌群已成為中藥作用機制研究的熱點和新途徑。為此，探討腸道菌群及其代謝產物與胰島素抵抗的關系，從中藥復方、藥對、單味藥和活性成分不同角度系統(tǒng)分析中藥通過調控腸道菌群改善胰島素抵抗的研究進展，以期為闡釋中藥的作用機制提供研究思路與參考。

The characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have promoted the development of TCM in the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes related to insulin resistance. However, the ambiguity of their corresponding mechanisms has greatly limited the modernization, internationalization and industrialization of Chinese materia medica (CMM). With the rapid development of second-/three-generation gene sequencing technologies, gut microbiota has become a hotspot and a new approach to study the mechanisms of CMM. Therefore, in this review, we explored the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites of gut microbiota and insulin resistance, and then analyzed the research progress of CMM in regulating gut microbiota to improve insulin resistance by formulae, herb pair, single herb and active ingredients, so as to provide new thoughts for studying the mechanism of CMM.

國家“重大新藥創(chuàng)制”科技重大專項（2017ZX09301-040）；國家自然科學基金青年基金項目（81903786）；陜西省自然科學基金項目（2019JQ-054）；陜西省高?？茀f(xié)青年人才托舉計劃項目（20190306）；陜西中醫(yī)藥大學學科創(chuàng)新團隊（2019-YL10）