目的 研究中藥白術(shù)（白術(shù)Atractylodes macrocephala干燥根莖）的化學(xué)成分。方法 采用硅膠柱色譜、Sephadex LH-20凝膠柱色譜、半制備HPLC及重結(jié)晶等多種分離方法對(duì)白術(shù)化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的分離純化，并利用波譜解析和理化性質(zhì)等對(duì)化合物的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行鑒定。同時(shí)采用脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）誘導(dǎo)小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞RAW264.7模型，檢測(cè)化合物的抗炎活性。結(jié)果 從中藥白術(shù)中分離鑒定了42個(gè)化合物，愈創(chuàng)木烷二醇（1）、1-愈創(chuàng)木烯-4α,7α-二醇（2）、7β-羥基-α-桉葉醇（3）、3-桉葉烯-1β,7,11-三醇（4）、珊瑚酰胺C（5）、亞油酸（6）、油酸（7）、α-亞麻酸（8）、(S)-馬桑酸（9）、(8E,10E)-7-氧代-8,10-十七碳二烯酸（10）、(10E,12E)-9-酮-10,12-十八碳二烯酸（11）、(S)-馬桑酸甲酯（12）、11-烴基花生酸（13）、1,2,4-苯三酚（14）、對(duì)甲氧基苯乙酸（15）、4-羥基-3-甲氧基苯乙酸甲酯（16）、4-乙基鄰苯二酚（17）、2-溴-1,4-對(duì)苯二酚（18）、4-甲基苯-1,2-二醇（19）、4-硝基苯酚（20）、間羥基苯甲酸（21）、原兒茶酸（22）、香草酸（23）、4-羥基-3-甲氧基苯丙酮（24）、2,4-二羥基-3-甲基苯甲醛（25）、水楊醛（26）、間羥基苯甲醛（27）、厚樸酚（28）、嗪皮啶（29）、黃花菜木脂素A（30）、茅術(shù)色烯（31）、(±)-小構(gòu)樹醇B（32）、芹菜苷（33）、染料木素-7,4'-雙葡萄糖苷（34）、蘆?。?b>35）、山柰酚3-O-β-D-槐糖苷-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（36）、山柰酚3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（37）、染料木素7-O-β-D-吡楠葡萄糖苷-4'-O-[(α-L-鼠李糖基)-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（38）、(R)-2-丙基乙基-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸酯（39）、1-乙?；?β-咔啉（40）、2-巰基苯并噻唑（41）、木蘭花堿（42）。結(jié)論 化合物1為新天然產(chǎn)物，化合物1～42均為首次從蒼術(shù)屬植物中分離得到，化合物13能夠抑制LPS誘導(dǎo)的RAW264.7細(xì)胞中NO的生成量，半數(shù)抑制濃度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值為（8.21±0.17）μmol/L。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Atractylodes macrocephala. Methods The chemical constituents of A. macrocephala were systematically isolated and purified by silica gel, sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, semi-preparation HPLC and recrystallization method, and the structures of the compounds were identified by spectral analysis and physicochemical properties. Meanwhile, anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was evaluated by LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model. Results A total of 42 compounds were identified as guaiannediol (1), 1-patchoulene-4α,7α-diol (2), 7β-hydroxy-7-epi-α-eudesmol (3), 3-eudesmene-1β,7,11-triol (4), cespilamide C (5), linoleic acid (6), oleic acid (7), linolenic acid (8), (S)-coriolic acid (9), (8E,10E)-7-oxo-8,10-heptadecadienoic acid (10), (10E,12E)-9-oxooctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (11), (S)-coriolic acid methyl easter (12), 11-hydroxyeicosanoic acid (13), benzene1,2,4-triol (14), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid (15), methyl 4-yhdroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetate (16), 4-ethylcatechol (17), 2-bromo-1,4-hydroquione (18), 4-methylbenzene-1,2-diol (19), 4-nitrophenol (20), m-hydroxybenzoic acid (21), protocatechoic acid (22), vanillic acid (23), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxypropiphenone (24), 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylben zaldehyde (25), salicylaldehyde (26) ,3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (27), magnolol (28), fraxidin (29), cleomiscosin (30), atractylochromene (31), (±)-kazinol B (32), schaftoslde (33), genistein-7,4'-O-β-D-diglucoside (34), rutinum (35), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-sophoroside-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside (36), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (37), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (38), (R)-2-propylhexyl-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate (39), 1-acetyl-β-carboxylate (40), 2-beno-thiazolol (41), and magnoflorine (42) from the stems of A. macrocephala, respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new natural product and compounds 1―42 were isolated from genus of Atractylodes for the first time. Compound 13 inhibited the release of NO in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS with IC₅₀ value of (8.21 ±0.17) μmol/L.

R284.1

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（82073992）;中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)與健康科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目（2023-I2M-2-006）