目的 通過(guò)檢測(cè)白前Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix中主要藥效成分含量及醇溶性浸出物、總灰分和酸不溶性灰分，建立用于白前質(zhì)量等級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)的化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)及Logistic回歸分析方法。方法 對(duì)12省36批白前樣品進(jìn)行回流提取，以熊果酸為內(nèi)參物，采用一測(cè)多評(píng)（quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker，QAMS）法檢測(cè)提取物中白薇苷A、白薇苷B、白前苷B、熊果酸、胡蘿卜苷、β-谷甾醇含量，并與外標(biāo)法測(cè)得結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，同時(shí)對(duì)醇溶性浸出物、總灰分和酸不溶性灰分進(jìn)行檢測(cè)；采用化學(xué)識(shí)別模式、因子分析法及Logistic回歸分析建立白前質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)劣評(píng)價(jià)模型，對(duì)其質(zhì)量差異性進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果 熊果酸為內(nèi)參物時(shí)，相對(duì)校正因子耐用性良好，相對(duì)保留時(shí)間值法可用于色譜峰定位，外標(biāo)法與QAMS法所得含量結(jié)果無(wú)明顯差異；白薇苷A、白薇苷B、白前苷B、熊果酸、胡蘿卜苷、β-谷甾醇6個(gè)成分線性范圍分別為0.37～9.25、1.56～39.00、1.85～46.25、0.29～7.25、0.58～14.50和1.15～28.75µg/mL，平均加樣回收率為97.66%～100.12%，RSD為0.69%～1.51%；主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判別分析法（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）能明確區(qū)分不同產(chǎn)地的白前藥材，提取了2個(gè)主成分，3個(gè)質(zhì)量差異因子；因子分析法結(jié)果顯示36批白前的綜合得分在−1.225～0.966，其中S25綜合得分最高。Logistic回歸模型結(jié)果與因子分析法分析結(jié)果一致。結(jié)論 PCA、OPLS-DA、因子分析和Logistic回歸模型可以用于評(píng)價(jià)不同產(chǎn)地白前的質(zhì)量差異，為白前質(zhì)量控制提供參考。

Objective To establish a degree prediction method of Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix) base on chemometrics and Logistic regression analysis method by detecting the contents of main medicinal components, alcohol-soluble extracts, total ash and acid-insoluble ash. Methods Reflux extraction was performed on 36 batches of Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix from 12 provinces, and the contents of cynatratoside A, cynantratoside B, vincetoxicoside B, ursolic acid, eleutheroside A and β-sitosterol in the extracts were determined by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method with ursolic acid as internal reference substance, and comparison with the external standard method, at the same time, alcohol-soluble extract, total ash and acid-insoluble ash were detected. The chemical identification model, factor analysis and Logistic regression model were used to establish a quality evaluation model for Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix, and the quality differences were comprehensively evaluated. Results When ursolic acid was used as the internal reference, the relative correction factor had good durability. The relative retention time method could be used for chromatographic peak location. There was no significant difference between the content results obtained by the external standard method and the QAMS method. The linear ranges of six components were 0.37—9.25, 1.56—39.00, 1.85—46.25, 0.29—7.25, 0.58—14.50 and 1.15—28.75 μg/mL, respectively. The average recoveries were 97.66%—100.12% with RSDs of 0.69%—1.51%. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) could clearly distinguish Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix from different producing areas. Two principal components and four quality differential factors were extracted. The results of factor analysis showed that the comprehensive scores of 36 batches of Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix were −1.225—0.966, and the comprehensive score of S25 was the highest. The results of Logistic regression model were consistent with the results of factor analysis. Conclusion PCA, OPLS-DA, factor analysis and Logistic regression model can be used to evaluate the quality differences of Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix from different producing areas, so as to provide reference for the quality control of Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma et Radix.

R286.2

山西省中醫(yī)藥管理局科研課題（2023ZYYB052）