目的 建立蒲黃Typhae Pollen的特征圖譜分析方法，結(jié)合熵權(quán)-優(yōu)劣解距離（TOPSIS）法評價(jià)2種基原蒲黃質(zhì)量，采用化學(xué)模式識別分析方法進(jìn)一步明確2種基原蒲黃的質(zhì)量差異標(biāo)志物。方法 采用HPLC法建立24批蒲黃不同基原藥材的特征圖譜，采用“中藥色譜指紋圖譜相似度評價(jià)系統(tǒng)”軟件（2012版）確定2種基原蒲黃各自的共有峰及其基原之間交叉共有峰，均采用對照品進(jìn)行色譜峰的指認(rèn)。以峰面積為依據(jù)，采用熵權(quán)TOPSIS法計(jì)算相對貼近程度，得到2種基原蒲黃的綜合質(zhì)量排名及各特征峰的權(quán)重；同時(shí)，采用主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）、偏最小二乘法判別分析（partial least square discriminate analysis，PLS-DA）篩選并確認(rèn)2種基原蒲黃的質(zhì)量差異標(biāo)志物。結(jié)果 水燭香蒲、東方香蒲特征圖譜分別指認(rèn)并確定了13個(gè)特征峰和16個(gè)特征峰，其中峰8、9、12是東方香蒲的特有峰，峰7、11與峰13之間的相對峰高可直觀區(qū)分2種基原蒲黃。特征圖譜對比分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，東方香蒲的含量測定指標(biāo)選擇峰13（水仙苷）更為合理。熵權(quán)TOPSIS法結(jié)果表明，各基原蒲黃樣品批次間的特征峰均可穩(wěn)定傳遞，東方香蒲的相對貼近程度（C_i）均高于水燭香蒲，說明2種基原蒲黃質(zhì)量有差異。PCA提取出4個(gè)主成分，累積方差貢獻(xiàn)率可達(dá)89.008%。PLS-DA篩選出山柰酚-3-O-蕓香糖苷等9個(gè)質(zhì)量差異標(biāo)志物，其中山柰酚-3-O-蕓香糖苷、異槲皮苷、異鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖苷等7個(gè)質(zhì)量差異標(biāo)志物為首次提出。結(jié)論 建立的分析方法可對2種基原蒲黃進(jìn)行區(qū)分，并特異性識別兩者的差異性成分，為蒲黃不同基原之間的區(qū)分鑒別及其質(zhì)量控制提供依據(jù)。

Objective To establish the characteristic chromatograms analysis method of Typhae Pollen from two origins (Typha angustifolia and Typha orientalis), which combined with entropy-weighted TOPSIS method for the quality evaluation, and clearly identify the markers of the quality difference between the two origins by chemical pattern recognition.Methods HPLC method was used to establish the characteristic chromatograms of different origins of 24 batches of Puhuang (Typhae Pollen). The “similarity evaluation system for traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprints” software (2012 version) was used to determine the common peaks of the two origins and the cross common peaks between its two origins, whose peaks were accurately identified by chemical reference substances. Based on the peak area, the entropy-weight TOPSIS method was used to calculate the relative proximity degree to obtain the comprehensive quality ranking of the two origins and the weights of each characteristic peak. Meanwhile, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were employed to screen and confirm the the quality difference markers of the two origins. Results A total of 13 and 16 characteristic peaks were recognized from the characteristic chromatogram of T. angustifolia and T. orientalis, respectively. Among them, peaks 8, 9 and 12 were unique to T. orientalis, and the relative peak heights between peak 7, 11 and 13 could visually distinguish the two origins. Comparative analysis of the characteristic chromatogram revealed that it was more reasonable to choose peak 13 (narcissin) for the index of content determination in T. orientalis. Entropy-weighted TOPSIS analysis showed that the characteristic peaks could be stably transferred between the sample batches in each origin, and the C_i of all the samples of T. orientalis were higher than that of T. angustifolia, which implied that the quality of the two origins varied. The four principal components were extracted by PCA, and the cumulative variance contribution could reach 89.008%. The nine quality difference markers, such as kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, were screened by PLS-DA, among which seven quality difference markers, including kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isoquercitrin, and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and so on, were proposed for the first time. Conclusion The established analytical method could differentiate the two origins of Typhae Pollen and specifically identify the differential components between them, providing a basis for the differential identification of different origins and quality control of Typhae Pollen.

R286.2

國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2023YFC3504200）;廣東省中醫(yī)藥信息化重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室（2021B1212040007）;全國名老中醫(yī)藥專家傳承工作室建設(shè)項(xiàng)目（國中醫(yī)藥人教函［2022］75號）