目的 研究黑桑Morus nigra莖枝的化學(xué)成分。方法 采用90%乙醇加熱回流提取，依次用大孔吸附樹脂、硅膠、MCI、聚酰胺和制備型液相色譜對(duì)提取物進(jìn)行分離純化。根據(jù)化合物的波譜數(shù)據(jù)和理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定；以L-谷氨酸誘導(dǎo)的大鼠腎上腺嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤細(xì)胞PC-12（高分化）作為神經(jīng)細(xì)胞損傷模型，通過CCK8法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞活力，評(píng)估化合物的保護(hù)作用。結(jié)果 從黑桑莖枝乙醇提取物的大孔吸附樹脂40%乙醇洗脫部位中分離得到6個(gè)化合物，分別鑒定為4,4′-(2-(3,5-二羥基苯基)乙烷-1,1-二基)雙(苯-1,3-二醇)（1）、氧化白藜蘆醇（2）、白藜蘆醇（3）、桑辛素M（4）、4-[2-(3-羥苯基)乙烯]-1,3-苯二醇（5）、二氫氧化白藜蘆醇（6）。化合物1對(duì)L-谷氨酸誘導(dǎo)的PC-12細(xì)胞損傷具有保護(hù)作用，半數(shù)有效濃度（median effective concentration，EC₅₀）值為62.36 µmol/L。結(jié)論 化合物1為新化合物，命名為黑桑二苯乙烯A（nigrastilbene A），可明顯減輕L-谷氨酸誘導(dǎo)的PC-12細(xì)胞損傷?；衔?b>5、6為首次從該植物中分離得到。

Objective To study the chemical composition of the stems of Morus nigra. Methods The study employed 90% ethanol reflux method, followed by a meticulous purification process involving stages with macroporous absorbent resin, silica gel, MCI, polyamide, and preparative liquid chromatography for compound isolation. Structural elucidation and confirmation were carried out based on the spectral data analysis and comprehensive physicochemical characterizations of the compounds; A neuronal injury model was established using L-glutamate-induced differentiated PC-12 cells (rat adrenal pheochromocytoma-derived), and the neuroprotective effects of compounds were evaluated via CCK-8 assay. Results Six compounds were isolated from the 40% ethanol elution fraction by macroporous absorbent resin of ethanol extract of M. nigra, and identified as 4,4'-(2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl) ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(benzene-1,3-diol) (1), oxyresveratrol (2), resveratrol (3), moracin M (4), 4-[2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzenediol (5), and dihydroresveratrol (6). Compound 1 exhibited significant protection against L-glutamate-induced PC-12 cell damage with an EC₅₀ (median effective concentration) value of 62.36 µmol/L. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound, named nigrastilbene A, which can significantly alleviate the L-glutamate induced PC-12 cell damage. Compounds 5 and 6 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

R284.1

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目（32270421）