目的 比較霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense鮮、干品對(duì)急性胃炎大鼠的胃黏膜保護(hù)作用。方法 雄性SD大鼠隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組、模型組、奧美拉唑（20 mg/kg）組及霍山石斛鮮品低、中、高劑量（3.5、7.0、14.0 g/kg）組和霍山石斛干品低、中、高劑量（0.7、1.4、2.8 g/kg）組，每組8只。大鼠給予藥物干預(yù)7 d后，ig無(wú)水乙醇（4 mL/kg）誘導(dǎo)急性胃炎模型，1 h后采集大鼠血清和胃組織樣本。肉眼觀察及蘇木素-伊紅（HE）染色檢測(cè)胃黏膜損傷情況；AB-PAS染色測(cè)定胃黏液分泌水平；免疫熒光測(cè)定胃組織中閉鎖小帶蛋白-1（zonula occludens-1，ZO-1）、閉合蛋白（Occludin）表達(dá)；ELISA法測(cè)定血清中白細(xì)胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β，IL-1β）、IL-6、腫瘤壞死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）含量，測(cè)定胃組織中黏蛋白5AC（mucin 5AC，MUC5AC）、黏蛋白1（mucin 1，MUC1）、黏蛋白6（mucin 6，MUC6）、前列腺素E₂（prostaglandin E₂，PGE₂）、一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）、表皮生長(zhǎng)因子（epidermal growth factor，EGF）、丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）、谷胱甘肽（glutathione，GSH）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性；Western blotting測(cè)定胃組織中核因子E2相關(guān)因子2（nuclear factor E2-related factor2，Nrf2）、血紅素加氧酶-1（heme oxygenase-1，HO-1）蛋白表達(dá)。結(jié)果 與對(duì)照組比較，模型組大鼠胃黏膜損傷嚴(yán)重，胃黏膜黏液分泌減少（P＜0.001），胃組織中MUC5AC、MUC1、MUC6、PGE₂、EGF、GSH水平及SOD活性顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.001），胃組織中NO、MDA水平顯著升高（P＜0.05、0.001），血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平顯著升高（P＜0.001），胃黏膜屏障中Occludin、ZO-1表達(dá)顯著下調(diào)（P＜0.001），胃組織中Nrf2、HO-1表達(dá)顯著下調(diào)（P＜0.001）。與模型組比較，霍山石斛鮮、干品預(yù)處理后均能改善急性胃炎模型大鼠胃黏膜損傷和胃黏膜出血狀況，增加胃黏膜黏液分泌（P＜0.01、0.001），胃組織中MUC5AC、MUC1、MUC6、PGE₂、EGF、GSH水平及SOD活性顯著升高（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），胃組織中NO、MDA水平顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平顯著降低（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），胃黏膜屏障中Occludin、ZO-1表達(dá)顯著上調(diào)（P＜0.01、0.001），胃組織中Nrf2、HO-1表達(dá)顯著上調(diào)（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）。與霍山石斛干品比較，霍山石斛鮮品對(duì)以上指標(biāo)的調(diào)控作用更為顯著（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）。結(jié)論 霍山石斛能夠改善急性胃炎模型大鼠胃黏膜損傷，且霍山石斛鮮品在急性胃炎模型大鼠中的效果優(yōu)于霍山石斛干品。

Objective To compare the protective effects of fresh and dried Dendrobium huoshanense on gastric mucosa of rats with acute gastritis. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, omeprazole (20 mg/kg) group, low-, medium-, and high-dose (3.5, 7.0, 14.0 g/kg) groups of fresh D. huoshanense, low-, medium-, and high-dose (0.7, 1.4, 2.8 g/kg) groups of dried D. huoshanense, with eight rats in each group. After 7 d of drug intervention, an acute gastritis model was induced by ig anhydrous ethanol (4 mL/kg), and serum and gastric tissue samples were collected from rats 1 h later. Gastric mucosal injury was assessed through macroscopic observation and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; Gastric mucus secretion was measured using AB-PAS staining; The expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin in gastric tissues were determined by immunofluorescence; Contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum were measured using ELISA, the contents of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), mucin 1 (MUC1), mucin 6 (MUC6), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), nitric oxide (NO), epidermal growth factor (EGF), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in gastric tissues were measured; The protein expressions of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in gastric tissues were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with control group, rats in model group exhibited severe gastric mucosal injury, gastric mucus secretion was reduced (P < 0.001), levels of MUC5AC, MUC1, MUC6, PGE₂, EGF, GSH and activity of SOD in gastric tissues were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.001), levels of NO and MDA in gastric tissue were significantly increased (P < 0.05, 0.001), levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were significantly increased (P < 0.001), expressions of Occludin and ZO-1 in gastric mucosal barrier were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.001), and the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in gastric tissue were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.001). Compared with model group, pre-treatment with fresh and dried D. huoshanense could improve gastric mucosal damage and gastric mucosal bleeding in acute gastritis model rats, increase gastric mucosal mucus secretion (P < 0.01, 0.001), significantly increase the levels of MUC5AC, MUC1, MUC6, PGE₂, EGF, GSH and activity of SOD in gastric tissue (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001), significantly reduce the levels of NO and MDA in gastric tissue (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001), significantly reduce the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001), significantly up-regulate the expressions of Occludin and ZO-1 in gastric mucosal barrier (P < 0.01, 0.001), and significantly up-regulate the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in gastric tissue (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Compared with dried D. huoshanense, fresh D. huoshanense had a more significant regulatory effect on the above indicators (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Conclusion D. huoshanense can improve gastric mucosal damage in acute gastritis model rats, and the effect of fresh D. huoshanense is better than that of dried D. huoshanense in acute gastritis model rats.

R285.5

安徽省中藥科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目（202303a07020005）；國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局高水平中醫(yī)藥重點(diǎn)學(xué)科中藥資源學(xué)（藥用植物學(xué)）建設(shè)項(xiàng)目（zyyzdxk-2023095）；安徽省高?？蒲杏?jì)劃項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目（2022AH010036）