目的 采用文獻計量學對小檗堿的研究動態(tài)和關(guān)注焦點進行可視化分析，以期為小檗堿的深入研究和應(yīng)用提供理論支持。方法 以小檗堿為關(guān)鍵詞，檢索中國知網(wǎng)（CNKI）、萬方（Wanfang）、維普（VIP）、Web of Science（WOS）4個數(shù)據(jù)庫，將文獻導(dǎo)入NoteExpress文獻管理軟件進行查重和篩選。使用Excel、CiteSpace、VOSviewer等軟件，從發(fā)文趨勢與國家分布、發(fā)文機構(gòu)、發(fā)文作者、關(guān)鍵詞等層面，對國內(nèi)外小檗堿研究現(xiàn)狀進行可視化分析。結(jié)果 共檢索到符合要求的文獻11 219篇，其中中文文獻6 517篇（58.07%），英文文獻4 702篇（41.93%）。小檗堿研究領(lǐng)域目前處于穩(wěn)定發(fā)展階段，研究主體集中于中國，國際學術(shù)關(guān)注度也逐年提高，年發(fā)文量呈現(xiàn)持續(xù)上升趨勢?？蒲泻献骶W(wǎng)絡(luò)分析表明，文獻作者間呈明顯的區(qū)塊化分布，中國中醫(yī)科學院中藥研究所是最大的機構(gòu)合作中心?；诟哳l關(guān)鍵詞共現(xiàn)分析表明，當前研究熱點聚焦于小檗堿在糖尿病治療、細胞凋亡與自噬、胰島素抵抗、抗菌活性及腸道微生物群調(diào)節(jié)等分子機制研究領(lǐng)域。此外，中文文獻也特別關(guān)注小檗堿提取純化工藝優(yōu)化、質(zhì)量評價標準建立及新型給藥系統(tǒng)研發(fā)等應(yīng)用型研究方向。結(jié)論 小檗堿研究領(lǐng)域受到持續(xù)關(guān)注，利用多組學技術(shù)進行機制解析、開發(fā)符合精準醫(yī)療需求的新劑型以及探索新的適應(yīng)證將成為小檗堿未來的研究趨勢。此外，為了深入挖掘小檗堿的潛力，應(yīng)進一步加強跨學科協(xié)作并結(jié)合新技術(shù)。

Objective To visualize and analyze the research dynamics and focus of attention of berberine by bibliometrics, with a view to providing theoretical support for the in-depth research and application of berberine. Methods With berberine as the keyword, four databases were searched, namely, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, and Web of Science (WOS), and the literature was imported into NoteExpress literature management software for duplicate checking and screening. Using Excel, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer, the current status of domestic and international berberine research was visually analyzed from the levels of issuing trend and country distribution, issuing institutions, issuing authors, and keywords. Results A total of 11 219 articles were retrieved that met the requirements, including 6517 articles (58.07%) in Chinese and 4702 articles (41.93%) in English. The research field of berberine is now in a stable development stage, with the main body of research concentrated in China, and the international academic attention is also increasing year by year, and the annual number of publications shows a continuous upward trend. Analysis of the research collaboration network showed that there was a clear block distribution among the authors of the literature, and the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences was the largest institutional collaboration center. Based on the analysis of high-frequency keyword co-occurrence, the current research hotspots focused on the molecular mechanisms of berberine in diabetes treatment, apoptosis and autophagy, insulin resistance, antimicrobial activity, and regulation of intestinal microbiota. In addition, the Chinese literature also pays special attention to the optimization of berberine extraction and purification process, the establishment of quality evaluation standards, and the development of new drug delivery systems and other application-oriented research directions. Conclusion The research field of berberine has received continuous attention, and the utilization of multi-omics technology for mechanism analysis, the development of new dosage forms that meet the needs of precision medicine, and the exploration of new indications will become the future research trend of berberine. In addition, in order to further explore the potential of berberine, interdisciplinary collaboration and new technologies should be further strengthened.

G350;R284;R285

國家自然科學基金資助項目（82174065）；云南省朱兆云院士工作站（202405AF140128）；云南省科技廳社會發(fā)展專項-重點研發(fā)計劃項目（202303AC100025）；國家中醫(yī)藥管理局“十二五”重點學科——傣藥學；云南省教育廳科學研究基金項目（2024Y379）；云南省中西醫(yī)結(jié)合慢病防治重點實驗室開放基金資助項目（YPKLG2024-016）；云南省傣醫(yī)藥與彝醫(yī)藥重點實驗室資助項目（2024SS24074）